📘 Top 12 Git Commands Cheatsheet

git init - Initialize a new Git repository.

git clone - Clone a remote repository to your local machine.

git status - Check the current state of your working directory.

git add - Stage changes for the next commit.

git commit - Record staged changes and create a snapshot.

git push - Upload local changes to a remote repository.

git pull - Fetch and merge changes from a remote repository.

git branch - List, create, or delete branches.

git checkout / git switch - Switch between branches or commits.

git merge - Integrate changes from one branch into another.

git diff - View differences between working directory and staging area.

git log - Display a chronological list of commits.

### Basic Commands:

1. **Initialize a Repository:**

   ```bash

   git init

   ```

2. **Clone a Repository:**

   ```bash

   git clone <repository_url>

   ```

3. **Add Changes:**

   ```bash

   git add <file(s)>

   ```

4. **Commit Changes:**

   ```bash

   git commit -m "Commit message"

   ```

### Branching:

5. **Create a New Branch:**

   ```bash

   git branch <branch_name>

   ```

6. **Switch to a Branch:**

   ```bash

   git checkout <branch_name>

   ```

   *(or use `git switch <branch_name>` in Git 2.23 and later)*

7. **Create and Switch to a New Branch:**

   ```bash

   git checkout -b <new_branch_name>

   ```

   *(or use `git switch -c <new_branch_name>` in Git 2.23 and later)*

8. **List Branches:**

   ```bash

   git branch

   ```

### Merging:

9. **Merge Branch into Current Branch:**

   ```bash

   git merge <branch_name>

   ```

### Remote Repositories:

10. **Add a Remote Repository:**

    ```bash

    git remote add <remote_name> <repository_url>

    ```

11. **Fetch Changes from a Remote Repository:**

    ```bash

    git fetch <remote_name>

    ```

12. **Pull Changes from a Remote Repository:**

    ```bash

    git pull <remote_name> <branch_name>

    ```

13. **Push Changes to a Remote Repository:**

    ```bash

    git push <remote_name> <branch_name>

    ```

### Undoing Changes:

14. **Discard Changes in Working Directory:**

    ```bash

    git checkout -- <file(s)>

    ```

15. **Undo Last Commit (Keep Changes in Working Directory):**

    ```bash

    git reset HEAD^

    ```

16. **Undo Last Commit (Discard Changes):**

    ```bash

    git reset --hard HEAD^

    ```

### Logging and Status:

17. **View Changes:**

    ```bash

    git status

    ```

18. **View Commit History:**

    ```bash

    git log

    ```

### Miscellaneous:

19. **Configure Git:**

    ```bash

    git config --global user.name "Your Name"

    git config --global user.email "your.email@example.com"

    ```

20. **Ignore Files:**

    Create a `.gitignore` file and list files/directories to be ignored.

Remember to replace placeholders like `<repository_url>`, `<branch_name>`, `<remote_name>`, etc., with your actual values. This cheat sheet covers basic Git commands, and Git offers more advanced features that you may explore as needed.

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